Good oral hygiene may not stop tooth decay

Researchers have pointed towards two factors which lead to tooth decay: too little saliva, and inadequate fluoride.

Inadequate saliva and fluoride behind tooth decay
Saliva helps in supplying high levels of calcium and phosphate particles that enhance protection of the tooth's enamel surface which, in turn, protects the teeth. Saliva also cleans the inside of mouth and rinses teeth to keep them clean.

Some diseases, such as Sjogren's syndrome (SS), an autoimmune disorder, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, amyloidosis, cerebral palsy, Parkinson’s disease, or their treatments, can lead to dry mouth (xerostomia), which, in turn, leads to tooth decay.

The second factor, inadequate fluoride intake in humans, can also lead to an increased risk of dental caries (tooth decay).

But brushing daily with fluoride toothpaste and drinking fluoridated water can do the trick. Fluoride is an important enamel ally that can make teeth stronger and enhance saliva's remineralizing, anti-decay properties.

Scientists warn people who drink bottled or filtered water that they may not be getting adequate fluoride.

Past studies on fluoride use
Studies have shown that the availability of topical fluoride in an adult's mouth during the initial formation of decay can not only stop the decay process, but also make the enamel surface more resistant to future acid attacks.