Guidelines for the prevention of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission often include a warning against sharing toothbrushes, razors, nail care equipment, and other personal items that potentially may come into contact with blood.
While studies definitively show that HCV can be transmitted by sharing needles and other equipment used for drug injection, the risk of sharing personal care articles is less clear.
German researchers performed a study to examine whether toothbrushes of HCV positive people are likely to be contaminated with the virus. The study included 30 participants with chronic hepatitis C. For each, 2 mL of saliva, collected before and after tooth brushing, plus toothbrush rinse water were tested for HCV RNA.
Results
Saliva collected before tooth brushing was positive for HCV RNA in 9 patients (30%).
Saliva collected after brushing the teeth had detectable HCV in 11 patients (36.7%).
12 toothbrush rinse water specimens (40%) tested positive for HCV RNA.
In 6 of these 12 patients, the "native" saliva (taken from the mouth) had been negative for HCV RNA.
Patients with detectable HCV RNA in their toothbrush rinse water showed no significant differences from those with negative rinse water with respect to clinical, biochemical, and virological parameters.
Cancerdefine is one of the most potent diseases and claims millions of lives around the globe every year. Certain kinds of cancer typically affect women only. Here’s themedguru’s low-down on these lady-killers…
A cancerdefine is a state of abnormal growth and replication of cells in the body at a certain point. The cell division is a highly regulated process with the new cells getting formed only when the old cells die. However, this process can go off track at times with the continuous growth of new cells at a rate higher than the cell death rate. Thus, the extra cell mass is formed in a tissue or an organ which is called a tumor.
Heart attack is one of the major causes of women’s death after breast cancerdefine and poses a great threat to women. At least one in three women dies of heart disease or stroke. The fact is that women are as much vulnerable to a heart attack as men.
While heart disease becomes significantly prevalent among women after they reach menopause, it can and does affect younger women too. According to the American Heart Association, heart disease kills about 16,000 young women and accounts for 40,000 hospitalizations in young women in U.S. every year. So, women of all ages need to become aware of it and take steps to prevent heart disease.
Diabetes has a unique impact on the lives of adolescents and requires constant monitoring of blood sugar levels, medication and effects of food and activity. With careful management by diabetologists, nutritionists, and psychologists, and with support from parents, these young people can lead full and healthy lives.
The International Diabetes Federation (IDF)’s World Diabetes Day campaign focuses this year on children and adolescents with diabetes. According to IDF, children and adolescents with diabetes face a lifetime of living with a disease that poses particular challenges for them. These struggles include higher insulindefine insensitivity linked to puberty, rapid behavioural changes, increased risk of depressiondefine, anxiety, and low self-esteem and transition to adult services.
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